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Home > Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD)
Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) is a common hormonal disorder affecting women of reproductive age. It is characterised by the presence of multiple small cysts on the ovaries and is commonly associated with irregular menstrual cycles, elevated levels of male hormones (androgens) and insulin resistance. PCOD can lead to various health concerns, including infertility, weight gain and metabolic issues.
The exact cause of PCOD is not fully understood, but several factors are believed to play a role:
PCOD often runs in families. Women with a mother or sister diagnosed with PCOD are at a higher risk of developing it.
Disruption in the hormones that regulate ovulation, including increased androgen levels, can interfere with normal ovarian function and egg release.
Many women with PCOD have insulin resistance, which causes the body to produce excess insulin. Higher insulin levels can raise androgen production, leading to symptoms associated with PCOD.
Symptoms may vary from person to person, and not all women experience every sign. Common symptoms include:
Diagnosing PCOD involves a combination of medical history, physical examination and specialised tests. Doctors typically assess menstrual patterns, symptoms of excess androgens and ovarian structure. Diagnostic methods may include:
• Pelvic ultrasound to check for multiple ovarian cysts
• Hormone blood tests to evaluate androgen, LH, FSH, insulin and thyroid levels
• Metabolic tests to assess blood sugar and cholesterol levels
A confirmed diagnosis helps in determining the most effective treatment plan.
Medications
Doctors may prescribe medication to regulate menstrual cycles, reduce androgen levels, improve insulin sensitivity or induce ovulation if pregnancy is desired.
Fertility treatments
Women who experience difficulty conceiving may benefit from ovulation-inducing medications, IUI or advanced reproductive techniques depending on the case.
Endoscopic procedures
In select cases, ovarian drilling via laparoscopy may be recommended to improve ovulation by reducing excess androgen-producing tissue.
Healthy lifestyle habits play a major role in managing PCOD. Recommendations include:
• A balanced diet rich in fibre, lean proteins and healthy fats
• Limiting refined sugar, processed foods and high-carbohydrate meals
• Regular exercise to improve insulin sensitivity and support weight control
• Stress management through yoga, meditation or mindfulness practices
• Adequate sleep to support hormonal balance
Proper lifestyle changes often reduce symptoms significantly and enhance overall well-being.
A- PCOD involves multiple cysts on the ovaries, while PCOS is a broader metabolic condition involving hormonal imbalance, insulin resistance and increased androgen levels.
A: PCOD cannot be completely cured, but symptoms can be effectively managed through lifestyle changes, medication and proper medical care.
A: Yes, many women with PCOD conceive naturally or with medical assistance. Treatment helps regularise ovulation and improve fertility.
A: Even a modest reduction in weight can improve insulin sensitivity, regularise periods and reduce symptoms in many women.
A: Symptoms may change over time but require ongoing management to maintain hormonal and metabolic health.
At Belle Femme Gynaecology in Kharghar, we believe that every woman deserves compassionate, personalized healthcare tailored to her unique needs. Founded by Dr. Saurabh Patil and Dr. Nivedita Singh, a board-certified gynecologist with many years of experience, our clinic is dedicated to empowering women through comprehensive health services.